The robotics is the science and technology of robots. It deals with the design, manufacture and application of robots. Robotics combines various disciplines such as: the mechanics, the electronics, the computer, the artificial intelligence and control engineering. Other important areas in robotics are the algebra, the programmable logic and state machines.

The term robot was popularized with the success of the play RUR (Rossum’s Universal Robots), written by Karel Capek in 1920. In the English translation of this work, the Czech word robota, meaning forced labor, was translated into English as a robot.

History of Robotics

The history of robotics has been linked to the construction of “artifacts” that tried to embody the human desire to create beings in his likeness and download it work. The Spanish engineer Leonardo Torres Quevedo (GAP) (who built the first remote control for cars by telegraphy without wire, the chess machine, the first air shuttle and many other mills) coined the term “automatic” in relation to the theory of automating tasks traditionally associated with humans.

Karel Capek, a writer Czech, coined in 1921. the term “Robot” in his play “Rossum’s Universal Robots / RUR” from the word Czech robota , which means servitude or forced labor. Robotics is the term coined by Isaac Asimov, defining the science of robots. Asimov also created the Three Laws of Robotics . In science fiction, man has imagined the robots visiting new worlds, gaining power, or simply relieving the house work.

Classification of robots:

According to the chronology this is the most common classification:
Generation 1.
Manipulators. They are multifunctional systems with a simple mechanical control system, either manual or fixed sequence of variable sequence.
Generation 2.
Robots are learning. Repeat a sequence of movements that has been previously executed by a human operator. The way to do this is through a mechanical device. The operator performs the required movements while the robot remains and stores.
Generation 3.
Sensorised control robots. The controller is a computer running a program, orders and sends them to the handler to perform the necessary movements.
Generation 4.
Intelligent robots. Similar to above but also have sensors that send information to the control computer on the status of the process. This allows them intelligent decision-making and control of real time processing.